Conservation Tillage: A Sustainable Approach for Carbon Sequestration and Soil Preservation. A Review

Abstract

Minimum tillage is a soil conservation tillage aimed at minimizing soil disturbance required for productive crop production. Unlike intense tillage, which uses ploughs to alter the soil's structure, this tillage technique does not turn the soil over. Only secondary tillage is used sparingly in minimum tillage, with primary tillage being totally avoided. Practices like minimum furrowing, using organic fertilizer, using biological pest control techniques, and using less pesticides are all included in minimum tillage. Soil erosion and soil degradation have been increased by the use of conventional agricultural techniques, such as extensive tillage centered on the removal of crop residue. Global interest in finding various sustainable ways to lower the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has grown in recent years as a result of the gradual increase in their concentration. The amount of carbon stored in soil is 2-4 times greater than that in the atmosphere and four times greater than that in vegetation. In order to prevent or, carbon sequestration (CS) delay dangerous climate change entails storing other forms of carbon or transferring CO2 from the atmosphere into the soil. The potential of soils to store carbon and reduce the accelerated greenhouse effects by implementing various agricultural management strategies is covered in the current review. Conservation tillage techniques improve carbon sequestration in agricultural soils. Conservation tillage can be a practical way to store carbon in the soil and minimize the effects of climate change. Conservation tillage reduced the green house gas. Zero tillage has been identified as the most environmentally friendly tillage practice for the mitigation and adaptation to climate change processes. No-till farming is thought to make it possible to increase crop production sustainably in order to fulfill future agricultural demands